33.4 Choosing Controls

library(pcalg)
library(dagitty)
library(causaleffect)

By providing a causal diagram, deciding the appropriateness of controls are automated.

• Fusion

• DAGitty

Guide on how to choose confounders: T. J. VanderWeele (2019)

In cases where it’s hard to determine the plausibility of controls, we might need to further analysis.

sensemakr provides such tools.

library(sensemakr)

In simple cases, we can follow the simple rules of thumb provided by Steinmetz and Block (2022) (p. 614, Fig 2)