31.5 \(P\)-values: Comparing odds
The differences between the observated sample statistic (the sample OR) and the hypothesised population parameter (the population OR of one) is summarised by \(\chi^2=6.934\) (approximately equivalent to \(z=2.63\)). Using the 68–95–99.7 rule, a small \(P\)-value is expected.
The corresponding two-tailed \(P\)-value reported by
jamovi
(Fig. 31.1, under the p column)
and SPSS
(Fig. 31.2,
in the Asymptotic Significance (2-sided) column
and Pearson Chi-Square row)
is very small
(\(0.008\) to three decimals).
Recall that, for two-way tables of counts,
the alternative hypotheses are always two-tailed,
so a two-tailed \(P\)-value is always reported.
Click on the hotspots in the following image, to see what the SPSS output tells us.