Chapter 34: notational system for design

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NSD = notational system for design

5

34.1 graphic notation

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  • X: treatment or exposure to an agent or an event of interest
  • P: placebo, i.e. blank treatment or exposure, or standard treatment, or exposure as an active control
  • O: observation or process of measurement
  • R: randomization, i.e. random assignment of research subjects to separate treatment or exposure groups
  • subscript
    • g: groups
    • k: kinds of treatments, exposures, or placebos
    • t: time or sequential order

https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/591882/citation-within-a-latex-figure-caption-in-rmarkdown

(ref:rudolph) *nice* cite: [@Lam94].

(ref:campbell1963) *nice* cite: [@campbell1963].

(ref:campbell1963) ([@campbell1963]

(ref:campbell1963) \ [@campbell1963]

 5  5

pre- and true experimental designs ( 5 p.8)

Fig. 24.1: pre- and true experimental designs ( 5 p.8)

quasi-experimental designs ( 5 p.40)

Fig. 30.2: quasi-experimental designs ( 5 p.40)

quasi-experimental designs continued ( 5 p.56)

Fig. 17.1: quasi-experimental designs continued ( 5 p.56)

34.2 pre-experimental design

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34.2.1 one-shot case study

XO

34.2.2 one-group pretest-posttest design

OXO paired t test

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OXOOtXOtO0XO1

OXOOgtXgOgtO10XO11

34.2.3 static-group comparison

XOXgOgtXO11O21

XOXgOgtXO11O01

34.3 true experimental design

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34.3.1 posttest-only control group design

basic experimental design

two-sample t test

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RXORO or, with a placebo or an active control, RXORPO

RXgOgt

RXg=X1=XOgt=O11RXg=X2=∅Ogt=O21 or, with a placebo or an active control RXg=X1=XOgt=O11RXg=X2=POgt=O21

RXO11RO21 or, with a placebo or an active control RXO11RPO21

RXgOgtRXO11RPO21

RXORXgOgtRXO11RPO21

34.3.2 pretest-posttest control group design

ROXOROgtXgOgtRO10XO11RO20O21

34.3.3 Solomon four-group design

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Solomon 4-group design = pretest-posttest + posttest-only control group design

ROgtXgOgtRO10XO11RO20O21RXO31RO41

ROXOROgtXgOgtRO10XO11RO20O21RXO31RO41

34.4 quasi-experimental design

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34.5 correlational and ex post facto designs

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34.6 graphic notation, advanced

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  • X: treatment or exposure to an agent or an event of interest
  • P: placebo, i.e. blank treatment or exposure, or standard treatment, or exposure as an active control
  • O: observation or process of measurement
  • R: randomization, i.e. random assignment of research subjects to separate treatment or exposure groups
  • subscript
    • g: groups
    • k: kinds of treatments, exposures, or placebos
    • t: time or sequential order
  • V: variable(s)
    • B(V): blocking by the variable(s)
    • M(V): matching by the variable(s)
    • S(V): stratifying by the variable(s)
    • L(V/L): limiting to the level(s) of the variable(s)
  • M∗: research material(s) selected
  • −: cohort

references

5.
Campbell, D. T. & Stanley, J. Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. (Cengage Learning, Belomt, CA, 1963).
9.
Hu, F.-C. Statistical Design and Analysis of Biomedical Research. (International-Harvard (I-H) Statistical Consulting Company, Taipei, Taiwan, 2022).