5.2 PISA Assessment

The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) for EFA. PISA is a global tests administered by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to evaluate the performance of 15 year-old students on mathematics, science and reading. PISA is conducted every three years and aside academic achievement test, OECD also collect additional data via survey from students, teachers, parents, principals etc. For instance, the student survey may include items like self-efficacy, resilience, bullying among others. Researchers have been exploring the relationship between these survey items and students’ academic achievements using different methodological frameworks across several countries.