5.8 Basic Exploratory Analysis
In our data exploratory analysis, we can load up our data set into R (assuming we’re now starting the analysis).
When it comes to basic exploratory analysis, I prefer the describe() function from the psych package. The describe() provides several information including the sample size, mean, standard deviation, median and could also get information on the skewness and kurtosis for each item. From the results, all the items have skewness and kurtosis within acceptable range, i.e., \(\pm 2\).
## vars n mean sd median trimmed mad min max range skew kurtosis se
## INTICT1 1 5433 2.77 0.87 3 2.82 1.48 1 4 3 -0.33 -0.52 0.01
## INTICT2 2 5433 3.30 0.74 3 3.42 1.48 1 4 3 -1.06 1.22 0.01
## INTICT3 3 5433 3.25 0.73 3 3.35 0.00 1 4 3 -0.90 0.96 0.01
## INTICT4 4 5433 2.87 0.82 3 2.91 1.48 1 4 3 -0.38 -0.35 0.01
## INTICT5 5 5433 2.42 0.89 2 2.40 1.48 1 4 3 0.16 -0.72 0.01
## INTICT6 6 5433 3.27 0.69 3 3.35 0.00 1 4 3 -0.90 1.39 0.01
## COMPICT1 7 5433 2.85 0.80 3 2.89 0.00 1 4 3 -0.43 -0.17 0.01
## COMPICT2 8 5433 2.92 0.80 3 2.98 0.00 1 4 3 -0.53 -0.01 0.01
## COMPICT3 9 5433 3.31 0.68 3 3.38 0.00 1 4 3 -0.97 1.53 0.01
## COMPICT4 10 5433 2.99 0.76 3 3.04 0.00 1 4 3 -0.60 0.34 0.01
## COMPICT5 11 5433 2.98 0.79 3 3.03 0.00 1 4 3 -0.60 0.16 0.01
## AUICT1 12 5433 2.49 0.96 3 2.49 1.48 1 4 3 0.00 -0.96 0.01
## AUICT2 13 5433 2.52 0.91 3 2.52 1.48 1 4 3 -0.14 -0.78 0.01
## AUICT3 14 5433 3.12 0.75 3 3.21 0.00 1 4 3 -0.87 1.06 0.01
## AUICT4 15 5433 2.87 0.83 3 2.93 0.00 1 4 3 -0.52 -0.16 0.01
## AUICT5 16 5433 3.16 0.75 3 3.26 0.00 1 4 3 -0.91 1.01 0.01
## SOIAICT1 17 5433 2.79 0.78 3 2.83 0.00 1 4 3 -0.60 0.19 0.01
## SOIAICT2 18 5433 2.51 0.86 3 2.51 1.48 1 4 3 -0.11 -0.66 0.01
## SOIAICT3 19 5433 2.56 0.96 3 2.57 1.48 1 4 3 -0.16 -0.93 0.01
## SOIAICT4 20 5433 2.53 0.87 3 2.53 1.48 1 4 3 -0.23 -0.65 0.01
## SOIAICT5 21 5433 2.62 0.86 3 2.64 1.48 1 4 3 -0.34 -0.51 0.01