Blood safety models
Preface
Copywrite
Abstract
Acknowledgements
List of tables
List of illustrations
1
Introduction
2
Cost-Effectiveness of Screening the Blood Supply for Zika Virus in the 50 U.S. States and Puerto Rico
2.1
Introduction
2.2
Methods
2.2.1
Model structure
2.2.2
Rate of ZIKV-infectious donations
2.2.3
Policies considered
2.2.4
Techniques to improve model efficiency
2.2.5
Determining cost-effectiveness
2.2.6
Two-year follow-up
2.3
Results
2.3.1
Puerto Rico
2.3.2
50 States and Washington, DC
2.3.3
Analysis of rate of ZIKV-infectious donations
2.3.4
Probabilistic Sensitivity Analysis
2.3.5
TTZ Versus Non-TTZ Cohort Analysis
2.3.6
Two-year follow-up
2.4
Discussion
3
Health economics of whole blood pathogen inactivation in Ghana
3.1
Introduction
3.2
Methods
3.2.1
Risk reduction model structure
3.2.2
Cost of adverse events
3.2.3
Scenario analysis
3.3
Results
3.4
Discussion
4
Optimal portfolios of blood safety interventions: test, defer or modify?
4.1
Introduction
4.2
Model specification
4.2.1
Donor deferral model
4.2.2
Disease marker testing model
4.2.3
Risk-reducing modification model
4.2.4
Optimal portfolio model
4.3
Model solution
4.3.1
Tailored policies
4.3.2
Elimination of infeasible tests or modifications
4.3.3
Mapping prevalence to the optimal policy
4.3.4
Linear approximation by excluding some test costs
4.4
Case study: West Nile and Zika Virus in the U.S.
4.4.1
Model instantiation
4.4.2
Results of case study
4.5
Discussion
5
Tailored blood donation intervals with machine learning
5.1
Introduction
5.2
Methods
5.2.1
Data preprocessing and formatting
5.2.2
Prediction model development, assessment, and calibration
5.2.3
Risk profile development and analysis
5.2.4
Personalized IDI decision rule
5.2.5
Policy simulation
5.3
Results
5.3.1
Data processing
5.3.2
Prediction model
5.3.3
Individual risk profiles
5.3.4
Policy simulation
5.4
Discussion
6
Discussion
References
7
Supplement for ZIka cost-effectiveness analysis
7.1
Supplemental methods
7.1.1
Calibrated parameters
7.1.2
Input parameters
7.1.3
Structure overview
7.1.4
Sampling recipients
7.1.5
Conditional Monte Carlo Approach
7.1.6
Defining Areas Experiencing Known Local Transmission for Location- and Travel-Based Screening Policies
7.1.7
Linear regression meta-modeling of PSA data
7.2
Supplemental tables
7.3
Supplemental figures
8
Supplement for pathogen inactivation in Ghana analysis
8.1
Supplemental methods
8.1.1
Risk model calculations
8.1.2
Estimation of malaria clinical outcome risk
8.2
Supplemental tables
8.3
Supplemental figures
9
Supplement for optimal portfolio analysis
9.1
Calculating the incremental cost of interventions compared to a ‘no intervention’ scenario
9.2
Solution methods for implementation of tailored policies and elimination of infeasible interventions
9.2.1
Example problem
9.2.2
Reducing solution space for tailored policies
9.2.3
Eliminating infeasible interventions
9.2.4
Solving the example portfolio problem
9.3
Methods for mapping prevalence to the optimal policy
9.4
Supplemental tables
9.5
Supplemental figures
10
Supplement for blood donation interval analysis
10.1
Supplemental tables
10.2
Supplemental figures
MODELS TO INFORM THE SAFE COLLECTION AND TRANSFUSION OF DONATED BLOOD
Chapter 8
Supplement for pathogen inactivation in Ghana analysis