Working With Dates And Time in R
## [1] "Africa/Abidjan" "Africa/Accra"
## [3] "Africa/Addis_Ababa" "Africa/Algiers"
## [5] "Africa/Asmara" "Africa/Asmera"
## [7] "Africa/Bamako" "Africa/Bangui"
## [9] "Africa/Banjul" "Africa/Bissau"
## [11] "Africa/Blantyre" "Africa/Brazzaville"
## [13] "Africa/Bujumbura" "Africa/Cairo"
## [15] "Africa/Casablanca" "Africa/Ceuta"
## [17] "Africa/Conakry" "Africa/Dakar"
## [19] "Africa/Dar_es_Salaam" "Africa/Djibouti"
## [21] "Africa/Douala" "Africa/El_Aaiun"
## [23] "Africa/Freetown" "Africa/Gaborone"
## [25] "Africa/Harare" "Africa/Johannesburg"
## [27] "Africa/Juba" "Africa/Kampala"
## [29] "Africa/Khartoum" "Africa/Kigali"
## [31] "Africa/Kinshasa" "Africa/Lagos"
## [33] "Africa/Libreville" "Africa/Lome"
## [35] "Africa/Luanda" "Africa/Lubumbashi"
## [37] "Africa/Lusaka" "Africa/Malabo"
## [39] "Africa/Maputo" "Africa/Maseru"
## [41] "Africa/Mbabane" "Africa/Mogadishu"
## [43] "Africa/Monrovia" "Africa/Nairobi"
## [45] "Africa/Ndjamena" "Africa/Niamey"
## [47] "Africa/Nouakchott" "Africa/Ouagadougou"
## [49] "Africa/Porto-Novo" "Africa/Sao_Tome"
## [51] "Africa/Timbuktu" "Africa/Tripoli"
## [53] "Africa/Tunis" "Africa/Windhoek"
## [55] "America/Adak" "America/Anchorage"
## [57] "America/Anguilla" "America/Antigua"
## [59] "America/Araguaina" "America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires"
## [61] "America/Argentina/Catamarca" "America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia"
## [63] "America/Argentina/Cordoba" "America/Argentina/Jujuy"
## [65] "America/Argentina/La_Rioja" "America/Argentina/Mendoza"
## [67] "America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos" "America/Argentina/Salta"
## [69] "America/Argentina/San_Juan" "America/Argentina/San_Luis"
## [71] "America/Argentina/Tucuman" "America/Argentina/Ushuaia"
## [73] "America/Aruba" "America/Asuncion"
## [75] "America/Atikokan" "America/Atka"
## [77] "America/Bahia" "America/Bahia_Banderas"
## [79] "America/Barbados" "America/Belem"
## [81] "America/Belize" "America/Blanc-Sablon"
## [83] "America/Boa_Vista" "America/Bogota"
## [85] "America/Boise" "America/Buenos_Aires"
## [87] "America/Cambridge_Bay" "America/Campo_Grande"
## [89] "America/Cancun" "America/Caracas"
## [91] "America/Catamarca" "America/Cayenne"
## [93] "America/Cayman" "America/Chicago"
## [95] "America/Chihuahua" "America/Coral_Harbour"
## [97] "America/Cordoba" "America/Costa_Rica"
## [99] "America/Creston" "America/Cuiaba"
## [101] "America/Curacao" "America/Danmarkshavn"
## [103] "America/Dawson" "America/Dawson_Creek"
## [105] "America/Denver" "America/Detroit"
## [107] "America/Dominica" "America/Edmonton"
## [109] "America/Eirunepe" "America/El_Salvador"
## [111] "America/Ensenada" "America/Fort_Nelson"
## [113] "America/Fort_Wayne" "America/Fortaleza"
## [115] "America/Glace_Bay" "America/Godthab"
## [117] "America/Goose_Bay" "America/Grand_Turk"
## [119] "America/Grenada" "America/Guadeloupe"
## [121] "America/Guatemala" "America/Guayaquil"
## [123] "America/Guyana" "America/Halifax"
## [125] "America/Havana" "America/Hermosillo"
## [127] "America/Indiana/Indianapolis" "America/Indiana/Knox"
## [129] "America/Indiana/Marengo" "America/Indiana/Petersburg"
## [131] "America/Indiana/Tell_City" "America/Indiana/Vevay"
## [133] "America/Indiana/Vincennes" "America/Indiana/Winamac"
## [135] "America/Indianapolis" "America/Inuvik"
## [137] "America/Iqaluit" "America/Jamaica"
## [139] "America/Jujuy" "America/Juneau"
## [141] "America/Kentucky/Louisville" "America/Kentucky/Monticello"
## [143] "America/Knox_IN" "America/Kralendijk"
## [145] "America/La_Paz" "America/Lima"
## [147] "America/Los_Angeles" "America/Louisville"
## [149] "America/Lower_Princes" "America/Maceio"
## [151] "America/Managua" "America/Manaus"
## [153] "America/Marigot" "America/Martinique"
## [155] "America/Matamoros" "America/Mazatlan"
## [157] "America/Mendoza" "America/Menominee"
## [159] "America/Merida" "America/Metlakatla"
## [161] "America/Mexico_City" "America/Miquelon"
## [163] "America/Moncton" "America/Monterrey"
## [165] "America/Montevideo" "America/Montreal"
## [167] "America/Montserrat" "America/Nassau"
## [169] "America/New_York" "America/Nipigon"
## [171] "America/Nome" "America/Noronha"
## [173] "America/North_Dakota/Beulah" "America/North_Dakota/Center"
## [175] "America/North_Dakota/New_Salem" "America/Ojinaga"
## [177] "America/Panama" "America/Pangnirtung"
## [179] "America/Paramaribo" "America/Phoenix"
## [181] "America/Port-au-Prince" "America/Port_of_Spain"
## [183] "America/Porto_Acre" "America/Porto_Velho"
## [185] "America/Puerto_Rico" "America/Punta_Arenas"
## [187] "America/Rainy_River" "America/Rankin_Inlet"
## [189] "America/Recife" "America/Regina"
## [191] "America/Resolute" "America/Rio_Branco"
## [193] "America/Rosario" "America/Santa_Isabel"
## [195] "America/Santarem" "America/Santiago"
## [197] "America/Santo_Domingo" "America/Sao_Paulo"
## [199] "America/Scoresbysund" "America/Shiprock"
## [201] "America/Sitka" "America/St_Barthelemy"
## [203] "America/St_Johns" "America/St_Kitts"
## [205] "America/St_Lucia" "America/St_Thomas"
## [207] "America/St_Vincent" "America/Swift_Current"
## [209] "America/Tegucigalpa" "America/Thule"
## [211] "America/Thunder_Bay" "America/Tijuana"
## [213] "America/Toronto" "America/Tortola"
## [215] "America/Vancouver" "America/Virgin"
## [217] "America/Whitehorse" "America/Winnipeg"
## [219] "America/Yakutat" "America/Yellowknife"
## [221] "Antarctica/Casey" "Antarctica/Davis"
## [223] "Antarctica/DumontDUrville" "Antarctica/Macquarie"
## [225] "Antarctica/Mawson" "Antarctica/McMurdo"
## [227] "Antarctica/Palmer" "Antarctica/Rothera"
## [229] "Antarctica/South_Pole" "Antarctica/Syowa"
## [231] "Antarctica/Troll" "Antarctica/Vostok"
## [233] "Arctic/Longyearbyen" "Asia/Aden"
## [235] "Asia/Almaty" "Asia/Amman"
## [237] "Asia/Anadyr" "Asia/Aqtau"
## [239] "Asia/Aqtobe" "Asia/Ashgabat"
## [241] "Asia/Ashkhabad" "Asia/Atyrau"
## [243] "Asia/Baghdad" "Asia/Bahrain"
## [245] "Asia/Baku" "Asia/Bangkok"
## [247] "Asia/Barnaul" "Asia/Beirut"
## [249] "Asia/Bishkek" "Asia/Brunei"
## [251] "Asia/Calcutta" "Asia/Chita"
## [253] "Asia/Choibalsan" "Asia/Chongqing"
## [255] "Asia/Chungking" "Asia/Colombo"
## [257] "Asia/Dacca" "Asia/Damascus"
## [259] "Asia/Dhaka" "Asia/Dili"
## [261] "Asia/Dubai" "Asia/Dushanbe"
## [263] "Asia/Famagusta" "Asia/Gaza"
## [265] "Asia/Harbin" "Asia/Hebron"
## [267] "Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh" "Asia/Hong_Kong"
## [269] "Asia/Hovd" "Asia/Irkutsk"
## [271] "Asia/Istanbul" "Asia/Jakarta"
## [273] "Asia/Jayapura" "Asia/Jerusalem"
## [275] "Asia/Kabul" "Asia/Kamchatka"
## [277] "Asia/Karachi" "Asia/Kashgar"
## [279] "Asia/Kathmandu" "Asia/Katmandu"
## [281] "Asia/Khandyga" "Asia/Kolkata"
## [283] "Asia/Krasnoyarsk" "Asia/Kuala_Lumpur"
## [285] "Asia/Kuching" "Asia/Kuwait"
## [287] "Asia/Macao" "Asia/Macau"
## [289] "Asia/Magadan" "Asia/Makassar"
## [291] "Asia/Manila" "Asia/Muscat"
## [293] "Asia/Nicosia" "Asia/Novokuznetsk"
## [295] "Asia/Novosibirsk" "Asia/Omsk"
## [297] "Asia/Oral" "Asia/Phnom_Penh"
## [299] "Asia/Pontianak" "Asia/Pyongyang"
## [301] "Asia/Qatar" "Asia/Qostanay"
## [303] "Asia/Qyzylorda" "Asia/Rangoon"
## [305] "Asia/Riyadh" "Asia/Saigon"
## [307] "Asia/Sakhalin" "Asia/Samarkand"
## [309] "Asia/Seoul" "Asia/Shanghai"
## [311] "Asia/Singapore" "Asia/Srednekolymsk"
## [313] "Asia/Taipei" "Asia/Tashkent"
## [315] "Asia/Tbilisi" "Asia/Tehran"
## [317] "Asia/Tel_Aviv" "Asia/Thimbu"
## [319] "Asia/Thimphu" "Asia/Tokyo"
## [321] "Asia/Tomsk" "Asia/Ujung_Pandang"
## [323] "Asia/Ulaanbaatar" "Asia/Ulan_Bator"
## [325] "Asia/Urumqi" "Asia/Ust-Nera"
## [327] "Asia/Vientiane" "Asia/Vladivostok"
## [329] "Asia/Yakutsk" "Asia/Yangon"
## [331] "Asia/Yekaterinburg" "Asia/Yerevan"
## [333] "Atlantic/Azores" "Atlantic/Bermuda"
## [335] "Atlantic/Canary" "Atlantic/Cape_Verde"
## [337] "Atlantic/Faeroe" "Atlantic/Faroe"
## [339] "Atlantic/Jan_Mayen" "Atlantic/Madeira"
## [341] "Atlantic/Reykjavik" "Atlantic/South_Georgia"
## [343] "Atlantic/St_Helena" "Atlantic/Stanley"
## [345] "Australia/ACT" "Australia/Adelaide"
## [347] "Australia/Brisbane" "Australia/Broken_Hill"
## [349] "Australia/Canberra" "Australia/Currie"
## [351] "Australia/Darwin" "Australia/Eucla"
## [353] "Australia/Hobart" "Australia/LHI"
## [355] "Australia/Lindeman" "Australia/Lord_Howe"
## [357] "Australia/Melbourne" "Australia/North"
## [359] "Australia/NSW" "Australia/Perth"
## [361] "Australia/Queensland" "Australia/South"
## [363] "Australia/Sydney" "Australia/Tasmania"
## [365] "Australia/Victoria" "Australia/West"
## [367] "Australia/Yancowinna" "Brazil/Acre"
## [369] "Brazil/DeNoronha" "Brazil/East"
## [371] "Brazil/West" "Canada/Atlantic"
## [373] "Canada/Central" "Canada/Eastern"
## [375] "Canada/Mountain" "Canada/Newfoundland"
## [377] "Canada/Pacific" "Canada/Saskatchewan"
## [379] "Canada/Yukon" "CET"
## [381] "Chile/Continental" "Chile/EasterIsland"
## [383] "CST6CDT" "Cuba"
## [385] "EET" "Egypt"
## [387] "Eire" "EST"
## [389] "EST5EDT" "Etc/GMT"
## [391] "Etc/GMT-0" "Etc/GMT-1"
## [393] "Etc/GMT-10" "Etc/GMT-11"
## [395] "Etc/GMT-12" "Etc/GMT-13"
## [397] "Etc/GMT-14" "Etc/GMT-2"
## [399] "Etc/GMT-3" "Etc/GMT-4"
## [401] "Etc/GMT-5" "Etc/GMT-6"
## [403] "Etc/GMT-7" "Etc/GMT-8"
## [405] "Etc/GMT-9" "Etc/GMT+0"
## [407] "Etc/GMT+1" "Etc/GMT+10"
## [409] "Etc/GMT+11" "Etc/GMT+12"
## [411] "Etc/GMT+2" "Etc/GMT+3"
## [413] "Etc/GMT+4" "Etc/GMT+5"
## [415] "Etc/GMT+6" "Etc/GMT+7"
## [417] "Etc/GMT+8" "Etc/GMT+9"
## [419] "Etc/GMT0" "Etc/Greenwich"
## [421] "Etc/UCT" "Etc/Universal"
## [423] "Etc/UTC" "Etc/Zulu"
## [425] "Europe/Amsterdam" "Europe/Andorra"
## [427] "Europe/Astrakhan" "Europe/Athens"
## [429] "Europe/Belfast" "Europe/Belgrade"
## [431] "Europe/Berlin" "Europe/Bratislava"
## [433] "Europe/Brussels" "Europe/Bucharest"
## [435] "Europe/Budapest" "Europe/Busingen"
## [437] "Europe/Chisinau" "Europe/Copenhagen"
## [439] "Europe/Dublin" "Europe/Gibraltar"
## [441] "Europe/Guernsey" "Europe/Helsinki"
## [443] "Europe/Isle_of_Man" "Europe/Istanbul"
## [445] "Europe/Jersey" "Europe/Kaliningrad"
## [447] "Europe/Kiev" "Europe/Kirov"
## [449] "Europe/Lisbon" "Europe/Ljubljana"
## [451] "Europe/London" "Europe/Luxembourg"
## [453] "Europe/Madrid" "Europe/Malta"
## [455] "Europe/Mariehamn" "Europe/Minsk"
## [457] "Europe/Monaco" "Europe/Moscow"
## [459] "Europe/Nicosia" "Europe/Oslo"
## [461] "Europe/Paris" "Europe/Podgorica"
## [463] "Europe/Prague" "Europe/Riga"
## [465] "Europe/Rome" "Europe/Samara"
## [467] "Europe/San_Marino" "Europe/Sarajevo"
## [469] "Europe/Saratov" "Europe/Simferopol"
## [471] "Europe/Skopje" "Europe/Sofia"
## [473] "Europe/Stockholm" "Europe/Tallinn"
## [475] "Europe/Tirane" "Europe/Tiraspol"
## [477] "Europe/Ulyanovsk" "Europe/Uzhgorod"
## [479] "Europe/Vaduz" "Europe/Vatican"
## [481] "Europe/Vienna" "Europe/Vilnius"
## [483] "Europe/Volgograd" "Europe/Warsaw"
## [485] "Europe/Zagreb" "Europe/Zaporozhye"
## [487] "Europe/Zurich" "GB"
## [489] "GB-Eire" "GMT"
## [491] "GMT-0" "GMT+0"
## [493] "GMT0" "Greenwich"
## [495] "Hongkong" "HST"
## [497] "Iceland" "Indian/Antananarivo"
## [499] "Indian/Chagos" "Indian/Christmas"
## [501] "Indian/Cocos" "Indian/Comoro"
## [503] "Indian/Kerguelen" "Indian/Mahe"
## [505] "Indian/Maldives" "Indian/Mauritius"
## [507] "Indian/Mayotte" "Indian/Reunion"
## [509] "Iran" "Israel"
## [511] "Jamaica" "Japan"
## [513] "Kwajalein" "Libya"
## [515] "MET" "Mexico/BajaNorte"
## [517] "Mexico/BajaSur" "Mexico/General"
## [519] "MST" "MST7MDT"
## [521] "Navajo" "NZ"
## [523] "NZ-CHAT" "Pacific/Apia"
## [525] "Pacific/Auckland" "Pacific/Bougainville"
## [527] "Pacific/Chatham" "Pacific/Chuuk"
## [529] "Pacific/Easter" "Pacific/Efate"
## [531] "Pacific/Enderbury" "Pacific/Fakaofo"
## [533] "Pacific/Fiji" "Pacific/Funafuti"
## [535] "Pacific/Galapagos" "Pacific/Gambier"
## [537] "Pacific/Guadalcanal" "Pacific/Guam"
## [539] "Pacific/Honolulu" "Pacific/Johnston"
## [541] "Pacific/Kiritimati" "Pacific/Kosrae"
## [543] "Pacific/Kwajalein" "Pacific/Majuro"
## [545] "Pacific/Marquesas" "Pacific/Midway"
## [547] "Pacific/Nauru" "Pacific/Niue"
## [549] "Pacific/Norfolk" "Pacific/Noumea"
## [551] "Pacific/Pago_Pago" "Pacific/Palau"
## [553] "Pacific/Pitcairn" "Pacific/Pohnpei"
## [555] "Pacific/Ponape" "Pacific/Port_Moresby"
## [557] "Pacific/Rarotonga" "Pacific/Saipan"
## [559] "Pacific/Samoa" "Pacific/Tahiti"
## [561] "Pacific/Tarawa" "Pacific/Tongatapu"
## [563] "Pacific/Truk" "Pacific/Wake"
## [565] "Pacific/Wallis" "Pacific/Yap"
## [567] "Poland" "Portugal"
## [569] "PRC" "PST8PDT"
## [571] "ROC" "ROK"
## [573] "Singapore" "Turkey"
## [575] "UCT" "Universal"
## [577] "US/Alaska" "US/Aleutian"
## [579] "US/Arizona" "US/Central"
## [581] "US/East-Indiana" "US/Eastern"
## [583] "US/Hawaii" "US/Indiana-Starke"
## [585] "US/Michigan" "US/Mountain"
## [587] "US/Pacific" "US/Pacific-New"
## [589] "US/Samoa" "UTC"
## [591] "W-SU" "WET"
## [593] "Zulu"
## attr(,"Version")
## [1] "2019a"
## [1] "2019-12-25 11:45:34 IST"
## [1] "2019-12-25 11:45:34 IST"
## [1] 1577254534
## attr(,"tzone")
## [1] ""
## $sec
## [1] 34
##
## $min
## [1] 45
##
## $hour
## [1] 11
##
## $mday
## [1] 25
##
## $mon
## [1] 11
##
## $year
## [1] 119
##
## $wday
## [1] 3
##
## $yday
## [1] 358
##
## $isdst
## [1] 0
##
## $zone
## [1] "IST"
##
## $gmtoff
## [1] NA
## [1] 1576780200
## [1] "IST"
## Error in x$zone: $ operator is invalid for atomic vectors
## [1] "2019-12-25"
## [1] "Date"
## [1] 18255
## [1] 18245
## [1] (12/25/19 23:34:09)
## [1] "chron" "dates" "times"
## [1] 18255.98
## attr(,"format")
## dates times
## "m/d/y" "h:m:s"
## attr(,"origin")
## month day year
## 1 1 1970
## [1] "character"
## [1] "1993-12-30 23:45:00 IST" "1994-11-05 11:43:00 IST"
## [3] "1992-03-09 21:54:00 IST"
## [1] "POSIXlt" "POSIXt"
## [1] "1993-11-23"
## [1] "1993-11-23"
## [1] "1993-11-23"
## [1] "1993-11-23 11:23:00 CET"
## [1] "POSIXct" "POSIXt"
## [1] 23
## [1] 23
## [1] 11
## [1] 1993
## [1] 11
## [1] "1993-11-23 14:23:00 CET"
## [1] 3
## [1] Tuesday
## 7 Levels: Sunday < Monday < Tuesday < Wednesday < Thursday < ... < Saturday
## [1] "1993-11-23 13:23:00 GMT"
## [1] "1993-11-23 14:23:00 CET"
## [1] 1993-09-23 11:23:00 CEST--1995-11-02 15:23:00 CET
## [1] "Interval"
## attr(,"package")
## [1] "lubridate"
## [1] "1998-11-11 CET" "1983-01-23 CET" "1982-09-04 CEST" "1945-05-09 CEST"
## [5] "1982-12-24 CET" "1974-12-03 CET" "1987-12-10 CET"
## [1] "22H 4M 5S" "4H 9M 45S" "11H 9M 56S" "23H 15M 12S" "14H 16M 34S"
## [6] "8H 8M 23S" "21H 16M 14S"
## [1] 8.80 9.71 11.25 10.14 9.87 9.44 9.17
## date time measurement
## 1 1998-11-11 22H 4M 5S 8.80
## 2 1983-01-23 4H 9M 45S 9.71
## 3 1982-09-04 11H 9M 56S 11.25
## 4 1945-05-09 23H 15M 12S 10.14
## 5 1982-12-24 14H 16M 34S 9.87
## 6 1974-12-03 8H 8M 23S 9.44
## 7 1987-12-10 21H 16M 14S 9.17
## [1] "7M 0S"
## Error in validObject(.Object): invalid class "Period" object: periods must have integer values
## [1] "180s (~3 minutes)"
## [1] "210s (~3.5 minutes)"
## [1] "2M 5S"
## [1] "2M 75S"
## [1] "195s (~3.25 minutes)"
## [1] FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE
## [1] "2015-01-01"
## [1] "2015-01-01"
## [1] TRUE
## [1] "2017-01-01"
## [1] "2016-12-31"
## [1] "2014-04-12 23:07:00 CEST"
## [1] "2014-04-12 22:07:00 BST"
## [1] "2015-01-01 11:11:00 CET"
## Time difference of 263.5444 days