Chapter 7 Errors of observation: Measurement error

7.1 Errors in sensors

WAS are often assumed to produce data that are error-free, but variation in how they are used can introduce measurement error. We discuss what is known about error in several different types of WAS and how error is or can be measured.

7.2 Provision of feedback by sensors

Some devices provide feedback to participants. We discuss whether this feedback can change the behavior of participants and over what time frame.

7.3 Joint estimation of error in sensors and self-reports

Given the error in WAS and in survey reports, perhaps a fruitful approach is to combine the two data sources to produce better estimates. We discuss applications of this approach.

7.4 References