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  1. “threshold effect is an effect in a dependent variable that does not occur until a certain level, or threshold, is reached in an independent variable.”(APA Dictionary of Psychology); “Synergistic effects are nonlinear cumulative effects of two active ingredients with similar or related outcomes of their different activities, or active ingredients with sequential or supplemental activities.” (Delivery System Handbook for Personal Care and Cosmetic Products, 2005)↩︎