Chapter 3 Basic Information of MODULEs
Overview of MODULEs
| PROCESS | MODULE |
|---|---|
| ReferenceET | ReferenceET.Hargreaves | ReferenceET.Linacre | ReferenceET.PenMon |
| ActualET | ActualET.Gr4j | ActualET.Vic |
| SNOW | SNOW.17 | SNOW.Ddf |
| BASEFLOW | BASEFLOW.ARNO |
| INTERCEPTION | INTERCEPTION.Gash |
| InfiltratRat | InfiltratRat.GreenAmpt |
| Infiltration | Infiltration.OIER | Infiltration.SER |
| RUNOFF | RUNOFF.Gr4j | RUNOFF.OIER | RUNOFF.SER | RUNOFF.Vic | RUNOFF.VM |
| GROUNDWATER | GROUNDWATER.Vic |
| ROUTE | ROUTE.G2RES | ROUTE.Gr4j |
3.1 ReferenceET
3.1.1 ReferenceET.Hargreaves
This MODULE reference to the Literature: Reference Crop Evapotranspiration from Temperature (George H. Hargreaves and Zohrab A. Samani 1985).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MetData | TAir | Cel | Average Air temperature in Timestep |
| TMax | Cel | Maximal Air temperature in one day | |
| TMin | Cel | Minimul Air temperature in one day | |
| GeoData | Latitude | deg | Latitude |
| TimeData | NDay | – | Day nummer in one year |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PeriodN | 1 | 9999 | – | The number of Step |
| GridN | 1 | 9999 | – | The nummber of effektive Grids |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Evatrans | RET | mm | Reference evapotranspiration |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.1.2 ReferenceET.Linacre
This MODULE reference to the Literature: A simple formula for estimating evaporation rates in various climates, using temperature data alone (Linacre 1977).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MetData | TAir | Cel | Average Air temperature in Timestep |
| Actual_vapor_press | mPa | Actual vapor press | |
| GeoData | Latitude | deg | Latitude |
| Elevation | m | Elevation | |
| TimeData | NDay | – | Day nummer in one year |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PeriodN | 1 | 9999 | – | The number of Step |
| GridN | 1 | 9999 | – | The nummber of effektive Grids |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Evatrans | RET | mm | Reference evapotranspiration |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.1.3 ReferenceET.PenMon
This MODULE reference to the Literature: Step by Step Calculation of the Penman-Monteith Evapotranspiration (FAO-56) (Lincoln Zotarelli 2014).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MetData | TAir | Cel | Average Air temperature in Timestep |
| TMax | Cel | Maximal Air temperature in one day | |
| TMin | Cel | Minimul Air temperature in one day | |
| RelativeHumidity | % | Relative Humidity, not greater than 100 | |
| WindSpeed | m/s | Average Wind Speed | |
| WindH | m | The hight to mess the WindSpeed | |
| SunHour | h | Sunshine duration in one day | |
| GeoData | Latitude | deg | Latitude |
| Elevation | m | Elevation | |
| TimeData | NDay | – | Day nummer in one year |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PeriodN | 1 | 9999 | – | The number of Step |
| GridN | 1 | 9999 | – | The nummber of effektive Grids |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Evatrans | RET | mm | Reference evapotranspiration |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.2 ActualET
3.2.1 ActualET.Gr4j
This MODULE reference to the Literature: Improvement of a parsimonious model for streamflow simulation (Perrin, Michel, and Andréassian 2003).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Evatrans | RET | mm | Reference evapotranspiration |
| Ground | MoistureVolume | mm | Moisture volume |
| Prec | Precipitation | mm | Precipitation, summe of rain and snow |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gr4j_X1 | 0.1 | 9.99 | mm | NA |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Evatrans | AET | mm | Actual evapotranspiration |
| Prec | Precipitation | mm | Precipitation, summe of rain and snow |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.2.2 ActualET.Vic
This MODULE reference to the Literature: none (???).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aerodyna | AerodynaResist | s/m | Aerodyna Resist |
| ArchitecturalResist | s/m | Architectural Resist | |
| StomatalResist | s/m | Stomatal Resist | |
| Canopy | StorageCapacity | mm | Canopy Storage Capacity for Intercept and Evaporation from Canopy |
| Evatrans | RET | mm | Reference evapotranspiration |
| Ground | MoistureVolume | mm | Moisture volume |
| MoistureCapacityMax | mm | Maximal Moisture Capacity | |
| Intercept | Interception | mm | Interception in Canopy |
| Prec | Precipitation | mm | Precipitation, summe of rain and snow |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SoilMoistureCapacityB | 0 | 0 | – | – |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Evatrans | EvaporationCanopy | mm | Evaporation from Canopy |
| Transpiration | mm | Transpiration (water from Root layer of vegetation) | |
| EvaporationLand | mm | Evaporation from Landsurface (sometimes cotain the Evaporation from Watersurface like Lake) |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.3 SNOW
3.3.1 SNOW.17
This MODULE reference to the Literature: National Weather Service river forecast system: snow accumulation and ablation model (Anderson 1973).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MetData | TAir | Cel | Average Air temperature in Timestep |
| Snow | Ice_Volume | mm | Soild Ice Volume, not depth |
| Liquid_Volume | mm | Liquid Volume | |
| SN17_ATI | – | – | |
| SN17_HD | mm | – | |
| Prec | SnowFall | mm | Snow |
| RainFall | mm | Rain | |
| GeoData | Elevation | m | Elevation |
| TimeData | NDay | – | Day nummer in one year |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SN17_SCF | 0.70 | 1.40 | – | Snowfall correction factor |
| SN17_MFMAX | 0.50 | 2.00 | mm/6hCel | Maximum melt factor considered to occur on June 21 |
| SN17_MFMIN | 0.05 | 0.49 | mm/6hCel | Minimum melt factor considered to occur on December 21 |
| SN17_UADJ | 0.03 | 0.19 | mm/6hCel | The average wind function during rain-on-snow periods |
| SN17_NMF | 0.05 | 0.50 | mm/6hCel | Maximum negative melt factor |
| SN17_TIPM | 0.10 | 1.00 | – | Antecedent snow temperature index |
| SN17_PXTEMP | -2.00 | 2.00 | Cel | Temperature that separates rain from snow |
| SN17_MBASE | 0.00 | 1.00 | Cel | Base temperature for non-rain melt factor |
| SN17_PLWHC | 0.02 | 0.30 | – | Percent of liquid–water capacity |
| SN17_DAYGM | 0.00 | 0.30 | mm/d | Daily melt at snow–soil interface |
| TimeStepSec | 1.00 | 9999.00 | s | Second pro Step |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Snow | Ice_Volume | mm | Soild Ice Volume, not depth |
| Liquid_Volume | mm | Liquid Volume | |
| SN17_ATI | – | – | |
| SN17_HD | mm | – | |
| Prec | Precipitation | mm | Precipitation, summe of rain and snow |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.3.2 SNOW.Ddf
This MODULE reference to the Literature: none (???).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground | MoistureVolume | mm | Moisture volume |
| Snow | Volume | mm | Summe Volume of Ice and liquid water, not depth |
| Prec | SnowFall | mm | Snow |
| RainFall | mm | Rain |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Factor_Day_degree | 0 | 0 | – | – |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Snow | Volume | mm | Summe Volume of Ice and liquid water, not depth |
| Prec | Precipitation | mm | Precipitation, summe of rain and snow |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.4 BASEFLOW
3.4.1 BASEFLOW.ARNO
This MODULE reference to the Literature: LARGE AREA HYDROLOGIC MODELING AND ASSESSMENT PART I: MODEL DEVELOPMENT (Arnold et al. 1998).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground | MoistureVolume | mm | Moisture volume |
| MoistureCapacityMax | mm | Maximal Moisture Capacity |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ExponentARNOBase | 0 | 0 | – | – |
| ARNOBaseThresholdRadio | 0 | 0 | – | – |
| DrainageLossMax | 0 | 0 | – | – |
| DrainageLossMin | 0 | 0 | – | – |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground | BaseFlow | mm | Base Flow |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.5 INTERCEPTION
3.5.1 INTERCEPTION.Gash
This MODULE reference to the Literature: An analytical model of rainfall interception by forests (Gash 1979).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Canopy | StorageCapacity | mm | Canopy Storage Capacity for Intercept and Evaporation from Canopy |
| Evatrans | EvaporationCanopy | mm | Evaporation from Canopy |
| Intercept | Interception | mm | Interception in Canopy |
| Prec | Precipitation | mm | Precipitation, summe of rain and snow |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CoefficientFreeThroughfall | 0 | 0 | – | – |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intercept | Interception | mm | Interception in Canopy |
| Prec | Precipitation | mm | Precipitation, summe of rain and snow |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.6 InfiltratRat
3.6.1 InfiltratRat.GreenAmpt
This MODULE reference to the Literature: Drainage to a water table analysed by the Green-Ampt approach (Youngs and Aggelides 1976).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground | MoistureVolume | mm | Moisture volume |
| Depth | mm | Ground Depth | |
| SoilData | Conductivity | m/s | Soil actual Conductivity |
| WettingFrontSuction | m/s | Wetting Front Suction | |
| Porosity | 100% | Soil Porosity, not greater than 1 |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GridN | 1 | 9999 | – | NA |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Infilt | InfiltrationRat | mm | Infiltration Rate (for some INFITRATION Module) |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.7 Infiltration
3.7.1 Infiltration.OIER
This MODULE reference to the Literature: none (???).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Infilt | InfiltrationRat | mm | Infiltration Rate (for some INFITRATION Module) |
| Prec | Precipitation | mm | Precipitation, summe of rain and snow |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| InfiltrationRateB | 0 | 0 | – | – |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Infilt | Infiltration | mm | Infiltration |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.7.2 Infiltration.SER
This MODULE reference to the Literature: none (???).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground | MoistureCapacityMax | mm | Maximal Moisture Capacity |
| MoistureCapacity | mm | Moisture Capacity | |
| Prec | Precipitation | mm | Precipitation, summe of rain and snow |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SoilMoistureCapacityB | 0 | 0 | – | – |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Infilt | Infiltration | mm | Infiltration |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.8 RUNOFF
3.8.1 RUNOFF.Gr4j
This MODULE reference to the Literature: Improvement of a parsimonious model for streamflow simulation (Perrin, Michel, and Andréassian 2003).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground | MoistureVolume | mm | Moisture volume |
| Evatrans | AET | mm | Actual evapotranspiration |
| Prec | Precipitation | mm | Precipitation, summe of rain and snow |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gr4j_X1 | 0.1 | 9.99 | mm | NA |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground | Runoff | mm | Runoff, it will be more wert, when the Runoff is in different form divided |
| MoistureVolume | mm | Moisture volume |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.8.2 RUNOFF.OIER
This MODULE reference to the Literature: none (???).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Infilt | InfiltrationRateMax | mm | Maximal Infiltration Rate (for some INFITRATION Module) |
| Prec | Precipitation | mm | Precipitation, summe of rain and snow |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| InfiltrationRateB | 0 | 0 | – | – |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground | Runoff | mm | Runoff, it will be more wert, when the Runoff is in different form divided |
| Infilt | Infiltration | mm | Infiltration |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.8.3 RUNOFF.SER
This MODULE reference to the Literature: none (???).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground | MoistureCapacityMax | mm | Maximal Moisture Capacity |
| MoistureVolume | mm | Moisture volume | |
| Prec | Precipitation | mm | Precipitation, summe of rain and snow |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SoilMoistureCapacityB | 0 | 0 | – | – |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground | Runoff | mm | Runoff, it will be more wert, when the Runoff is in different form divided |
| Infilt | Infiltration | mm | Infiltration |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.8.4 RUNOFF.Vic
This MODULE reference to the Literature: A new surface runoff parameterization with subgrid-scale soil heterogeneity for land surface models (Liang and Xie 2001).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground | MoistureCapacityMax | mm | Maximal Moisture Capacity |
| MoistureVolume | mm | Moisture volume | |
| Infilt | InfiltrationRat | mm | Infiltration Rate (for some INFITRATION Module) |
| Prec | Precipitation | mm | Precipitation, summe of rain and snow |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SoilMoistureCapacityB | 0 | 0 | – | – |
| InfiltrationRateB | 0 | 0 | – | – |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground | Runoff | mm | Runoff, it will be more wert, when the Runoff is in different form divided |
| Infilt | Infiltration | mm | Infiltration |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.8.5 RUNOFF.VM
This MODULE reference to the Literature: none (???).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground | MoistureCapacity | mm | Moisture Capacity |
| MoistureCapacityMax | mm | Maximal Moisture Capacity | |
| Infilt | InfiltrationRateMax | mm | Maximal Infiltration Rate (for some INFITRATION Module) |
| Prec | Precipitation | mm | Precipitation, summe of rain and snow |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SoilMoistureCapacityB | 0 | 0 | – | – |
| InfiltrationRateB | 0 | 0 | – | – |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground | Runoff | mm | Runoff, it will be more wert, when the Runoff is in different form divided |
| Infilt | Infiltration | mm | Infiltration |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.9 GROUNDWATER
3.9.1 GROUNDWATER.Vic
This MODULE reference to the Literature: none (???).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground | ZoneMoistureVolume | mm | Moisture volume, when the Ground is in more than one Layer divided |
| ZoneDepth | mm | Ground Depth, , when the Ground is in more than one Layer divided | |
| BaseFlow | mm | Base Flow | |
| Infilt | Infiltration | mm | Infiltration |
| Intercept | Interception | mm | Interception in Canopy |
| SoilData | Porosity | 100% | Soil Porosity, not greater than 1 |
| SaturatedConductivity | m/s | Soil Saturated Conductivity |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GridN | 1 | 9999 | – | The nummber of effektive Grids |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ground | Overflow | mm | Overflow, when the caculated water volume greater than Capacity |
| ZoneMoistureVolume | mm | Moisture volume, when the Ground is in more than one Layer divided |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.10 ROUTE
3.10.1 ROUTE.G2RES
This MODULE reference to the Literature: none (???).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Route | WaterSource | mm | Water Source for Routing, sometimes the same Data with the Runoff |
| UHAll | – | All the UH data for all of the Grids for Routr with IUH | |
| TypeGridID | – | The grids type for Routr with IUH | |
| TransAll | – | All of the transform Matrix for all of the Grids for Routr with IUH |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PeriodN | 1 | 9999 | – | The number of Step |
| GridN | 1 | 9999 | – | The nummber of effektive Grids |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Route | StaFlow | m3/s | Station Flow in the seted grid |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
3.10.2 ROUTE.Gr4j
This MODULE reference to the Literature: Improvement of a parsimonious model for streamflow simulation (Perrin, Michel, and Andréassian 2003).
InData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Route | WaterSource | mm | Water Source for Routing, sometimes the same Data with the Runoff |
| Store | mm | Store in the Route (for some Module) | |
| Gr4j_UH1 | – | UH form 1 only for Module ROUTE.Gr4j, made by the function | |
| Gr4j_UH2 | – | UH form 1 only for Module ROUTE.Gr4j |
Param
| Paramter | Min | Max | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gr4j_X2 | 0.1 | 9.99 | mm/Step | The catchment water exchange coe icient |
| Gr4j_X3 | 0.1 | 9.99 | mm | The one-day maximal capacity of the routing reservoir |
| Gr4j_X4 | 1.0 | 9.99 | mm/Step | The HU1 unit hydrograph time base |
| time_step_i | 1.0 | 9999.00 | – | The time Step index |
OutData
| Group | Variable | Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Route | StaFlow | m3/s | Station Flow in the seted grid |
| Store | mm | Store in the Route (for some Module) |
Return to the Overview of MODULEs.
References
Anderson, Eric A. 1973. National Weather Service River Forecast System: Snow Accumulation and Ablation Model. Vol. 17. NOAA Technical Memorandum Nws Hydro. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/13507.
Arnold, J. G., R. Srinivasan, R. S. Muttiah, and J. R. Williams. 1998. “LARGE Area Hydrologic Modeling and Assessment Part I: MODEL Development.” Journal of the American Water Resources Association 34 (1): 73–89. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1998.tb05961.x.
Gash, J. H. C. 1979. “An Analytical Model of Rainfall Interception by Forests.” Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 105 (443): 43–55. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49710544304.
George H. Hargreaves, and Zohrab A. Samani. 1985. “Reference Crop Evapotranspiration from Temperature.” Applied Engineering in Agriculture 1 (2): 96–99. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.26773.
Liang, Xu, and Zhenghui Xie. 2001. “A New Surface Runoff Parameterization with Subgrid-Scale Soil Heterogeneity for Land Surface Models.” Advances in Water Resources 24 (9-10): 1173–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1708(01)00032-X.
Linacre, Edward T. 1977. “A Simple Formula for Estimating Evaporation Rates in Various Climates, Using Temperature Data Alone.” Agricultural Meteorology 18 (6): 409–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-1571(77)90007-3.
Lincoln Zotarelli. 2014. “Step by Step Calculation of the Penman-Monteith Evapotranspiration (Fao-56).”
Perrin, Charles, Claude Michel, and Vazken Andréassian. 2003. “Improvement of a Parsimonious Model for Streamflow Simulation.” Journal of Hydrology 279 (1-4): 275–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00225-7.
Youngs, E. G., and S. Aggelides. 1976. “Drainage to a Water Table Analysed by the Green-Ampt Approach.” Journal of Hydrology 31 (1-2): 67–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(76)90021-4.