Deductibles and Reinsurance
Deductibles
Given a deductible of \(d\), let \(X\) be claim amount, and \(V\) and \(Y\) be the amount paid by policyholder and insurer respectively. \[X=V+Y\] where \[V=X\land d=\begin{cases} X & \text{if }X<d \\ d & \text{if }X\geq d \end{cases} \] and \[Y=(X-d)_+=\begin{cases} 0 & \text{if }X<d \\ X-d & \text{if }X\geq d \end{cases} \]
Excess of Loss Reinsurance
Given a retention level of \(M\) with no deductibles, let \(X\) be claim amount, and \(Y\) and \(Z\) be the amount paid by insurer and reinsurer respectively. \[X=Y+Z\] where \[Y=X\land M=\begin{cases} X & \text{if }X<M \\ M & \text{if }X\geq M \end{cases} \] and \[Z=(X-M)_+=\begin{cases} 0 & \text{if }X<M \\ X-M & \text{if }X\geq M \end{cases} \]