经典词汇

根据往年翻译题型和高频词汇整理出来，涵盖历史文化、社会发展、经济、健康科技等方面。

同时适用于四六级作文，运用经典词汇，是加分的关键。

5.1 历史文化

发源于/起源于：originate from, sth is the birthplace/cradle of，start in

兴起于…，兴盛于 emerge in… and prosper in

繁荣/昌盛：flourish/prosper

建立（商业关系/朝代等）：establish, build

以…命名：be named after；name after

种类繁多：a great variety of; a wide range of

位于：be situated/located at/in

重视调/讲究：attach great importance to

重要文化遗产：major/important cultural heritage

象征：symbolize；

象征意义：symbolic meaning

大多数：most of; the majority of

以…闻名：be renowned/famous/known for

享有盛名：be well known, be highly reputed, be preeminent

享有…的美誉：enjoy a good/high reputation

对…极其重要：be of vital importance/significance to; be vitally important to

…具有…的特点：… be marked/characterized/featured by …

占地面积：cover an area of

省会：provincial capital

（河湖等的水）…很浅：shallow

蓄洪池 flood basin；a place for flood storage

海拔……米：… meters above sea level；at the altitude of…

淡水湖：freshwater lake

咸水湖：saltwater lake

繁荣的/蓬勃发展的/辉煌的：thriving, prosperous, flourishing，splendid

吸引来自世界各地的游客：attract/allure/draw tourists from all around the world

吸引：appeal to; attract/draw

有吸引力的：attractive/ appealing

迁徙：migration

珍稀：valuable and rare

封建统治阶级：the feudal ruling class

人与自然协调发展：coordination between humanity and nature

促进交流：promote exchanges

促进文化传播：promote the spread of culture

观赏：view; appreciate

代表人物：representative

统治：reign

精巧：intricate

雅致：elegant

二十四节气：24 solar terms

手工业：handicrafts industry

创始人：founder

手工艺人：craftsman

民间艺术：folk art丝绸之路：Silk Road

瓷器：porcelain, china

儒家思想/儒教：Confucianism

文化交流：cultural exchanges

宫灯/花灯：palace/festival lantern

京剧：Peking Opera

大家庭：extended family

科举考试：imperial examination

官员选拔：officials were selected

孝道：filial piety

家庭伦理：familial ethics

四大发明：the Four Great Inventions

指南针：compass

造纸术：papermaking

印刷术：printing

火药：gunpowder

汉字：Chinese characters

中国书法：Chinese calligraphy

唐诗：Tang poetry, poetry of the Tang Dynasty

筷子：chopsticks

5.2 社会发展

是必不可少的/不可或缺的/不可分割的一部分：

be an essential/indispensable/inseparable/integral part of

公布：release; publish

推出: introduce; roll out; bring into use

鼓励：encourage; urge; stimulate

定期：regularly; at regular intervals; on a regular basis

将……和……结合：combine…with…

主要由…构成：the majority of… is

日益严重：get worse; deteriorate；

…（问题）严峻：severe; serious；become increasingly severe

…不足，缺少，缺乏：shortage/lack of; deficiency in/of sth

发展迅速/经历了快速发展：…has/have undergone rapid development

极大地改变：change dramatically; revolutionize

经历巨大变化：undergo dramatic changes

前所未有的：unprecedented

带来、引起：bring about, give rise to, trigger

取得辉煌的成就：make amazing achievements

越来越多样：increasingly diverse; a growing variety of

缩小与…的差距：narrow the gap between … and

逐渐演变为：evolve into

占…比例：account for

共计：a total of

首选（的）：perferred

突出优势：an outstanding/a distinct advantage

上下班通勤：commute

交通管制：traffic control

交通拥堵：traffic congestion

准时：punctuality

新能源汽车：new energy vehicle

逐年：year by year; year after year

移动互联网技术：mobile Internet technology

商业模式：business model

城市/镇化：urbanization

人口增长迅速：population ballooned

大都市：metropolis

中产阶级：middle class

种植：cultivation

作物产量：crop yields

创新：innovation

出台新规：introduce/enact new policies

义务教育：compulsory education

多媒体：multimedia

必修课：required/compulsory course

选修课：elective/optional course

高分低能：high scores and low abilities

知识产权：intellectual property rights

信息革命：information revolution

人工智能：artificial intelligence

虚拟现实：virtual reality

生物技术：biotechnology

消费方式：pattern of consumption

和谐并存 harmonious coexistence

可持续性发展 sustainable development

财富分配：wealth distribution

网上/手机银行：online/mobile banking

社会和谐：social harmony

舆论导向：direction of public opinion

外出打工人员：migrant worker

翻新：renovation

采取措施：take measures/steps

5.3 中国经济

保持…的经济增速：maintain a GDP growth rate of

快速增长的：soaring; fast-growing

明显的增长：significant/marked/notable increase/growth

急剧上升、蓬勃发展：surge, soar, surge

排名第一：rank first in

不断变化和增长的需求：the ever-changing and growing demand

在…的支持下: with the support of

经济结构调整：adjustment of economic structure

消除贫困：eliminate poverty

改造：renovate; reconstruct; revamp

加大对……的投资：increase/ramp up investment in

增加…的数量：increase/boost the number of

实施(政策)：implement …

沿袭…的模式：continue with the model of

经济高速发展：rapid development of Chinese economy

综合国力增强：rapid development of comprehensive national strength

预见：predict; forecast

融入：be integrated into

国际地位不断提高：international status keeps on increasing

高度评价：speak highly of

互惠互利：mutual benefit

商界：business communities

市场占有率/份额：market share

库存/存货量：stocks

销量：sales

利润：profits

商品：commodity

打折：discount

资源配置：allocation of resources

自助服务系统：self-service/self-help system

综合经济实力：the comprehensive economic strength

最大的经济体：the largest economy

企业家：the entrepreneurs

试验田：experimental plot

试点项目：pilot project

多元化：diversification

支付，付费：pay; make payments

一带一路：The Belt and Road

经济发达：economic boom

商业繁荣：commercial prosperity

社会稳定：social stability

总计/达到：amount to，add up to

支出：expenditure

消费：consumption

现金：cash

零钱：change

发行：issue

购买力：purchasing power

电脑犯罪：computer crime

网上购物：online shopping

电子商务：E-commerce

网上零售商：E-retailer

虚拟经济：fictitious economy

第一产业(农业)：primary industry

第二产业(工业)：secondary industry

第三产业(服务业)：tertiary industry

国内生产总值：gross domestic product (GDP)

市场调节：market regulation

国有企业：state-owned enterprises (SOEs)

私营企业：private businesses

中小企业：small and medium-sized enterprises

经济特区：special economic zone

高峰期：peak season

出境游：outbound tourism

满足需求：satisfy/meet the needs/requirements of; meet sb’s demand for

扩建：extension

5.4 健康科技/环保

全民健身：national fitness

运动设施：sports facilities

运动场地：sporting field/ground; playing field

废旧的：derelict; deserted; old

健康管理：health management

医疗服务：medical service

烹饪文化：cuisine culture

饮食习惯：dietary habit

营养丰富：nutritious

生活方式：lifestyle

公众：the general public

急剧下降：decline sharply，on the sharp decline

人口老龄化 aging of the population

预期寿命 life expectancy

环境污染：environmental pollution

过度工业化：over-industrialization

过度拥挤：overcrowding

网上冲浪：surf on the Internet

在网上：online; over/on/via the Internet

对…上瘾：to be/get addicted to

网页浏览：web browsing

网络世界：cyber world

虚拟世界：virtual world

电子设备：electronic device

科技发展：scientific and technological development

充电：update one’s knowledge

缓解就业压力：alleviate employment pressure

城市化 urbanization

回收利用 recycle

资源枯竭 depletion of resources

节能减排：energy-saving and emission-reduction

应运而生 emerge as needed/required

因此 hence

取决于 depend on；be decided by