1
Descriptive statistics & graphs
1.1
Data collection
1.2
Importing the data
1.3
Manipulating the data set
1.4
Some graphs
2
Inferential statistics
2.1
Population versus samples
2.1.1
Population distribution of height among men & women
2.1.2
The actual survey and resulting samples
2.1.3
Other possible surveys and resulting samples
2.1.4
Distribution of sample means
2.1.5
Distribution of the difference in sample means
2.1.6
The Z-transformation of the difference in sample means
2.2
Null hypothesis testing
2.2.1
Rejecting the null hypothesis versus not
2.2.2
p
-values
2.2.3
Confidence intervals
2.2.4
The role of the standard error
2.2.5
The two components of the standard error:
\(\sigma\)
and
\(\mathcal{n}\)
2.3
Type 1 and type 2 errors
2.3.1
Type 1 errors
2.3.2
Type 2 errors
2.4
The
t
-statistic
3
The linear model
Introduction to Statistics with R
3
The linear model