Participant Info
Total N main dataset : 202
Total N extra dataset : 62
N excluded no data main dataset: 0
N excluded no data extra dataset: 0
Final N main dataset: 202
Final N extra dataset: 62
Animal Kinds
Trials in previous work
Same Animal & Different Animal together
Regression
DV = Responses to “same animal” and “different animal” trials scored
with agreement with Feppy as lower Fixed effects = participant group,
trial type (same vs. different animal), age (continuous), participant
group x trial type, participant group x age (continuous), trial type x
age (continuous), participant group x trial type x age (continuous)
Random effects = participant
Condition order for analyses – monoracial cisgender is
reference group
71 |
63 |
68 |
Trial order for analyses – animal different is reference
group
202 |
202 |
Estimates for the full model
effect
|
group
|
term
|
estimate
|
std.error
|
statistic
|
df
|
p.value
|
fixed
|
NA
|
(Intercept)
|
2.1631
|
0.1645
|
13.1502
|
402
|
0.0000
|
fixed
|
NA
|
group_race_gender1
|
0.0030
|
0.0359
|
0.0838
|
402
|
0.9333
|
fixed
|
NA
|
group_race_gender2
|
0.0285
|
0.0207
|
1.3788
|
402
|
0.1687
|
fixed
|
NA
|
trial_type1
|
-1.6090
|
0.1635
|
-9.8431
|
402
|
0.0000
|
fixed
|
NA
|
age_yrs
|
0.0465
|
0.0185
|
2.5141
|
402
|
0.0123
|
fixed
|
NA
|
trial_type1:age_yrs
|
0.0466
|
0.0184
|
2.5336
|
402
|
0.0117
|
ran_pars
|
subjectid
|
sd__(Intercept)
|
0.0000
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
ran_pars
|
Residual
|
sd__Observation
|
0.5845
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
Confidence intervals for the full model
|
2.5 %
|
97.5 %
|
.sig01
|
0.0000
|
0.1841
|
.sigma
|
0.5463
|
0.6274
|
(Intercept)
|
1.8399
|
2.4862
|
group_race_gender1
|
-0.0675
|
0.0735
|
group_race_gender2
|
-0.0121
|
0.0692
|
trial_type1
|
-1.9302
|
-1.2879
|
age_yrs
|
0.0102
|
0.0829
|
trial_type1:age_yrs
|
0.0105
|
0.0828
|
Summary for the full model
nobs
|
sigma
|
logLik
|
AIC
|
BIC
|
deviance
|
df.residual
|
402
|
0.5845
|
-354.557
|
725.113
|
757.085
|
709.113
|
394
|
## SIMPLE SLOPES ANALYSIS
##
## Slope of age_yrs when trial_type = animal_same_aglow:
##
## Est. S.E. t val. p
## ------ ------ -------- ------
## 0.09 0.03 3.57 0.00
##
## Slope of age_yrs when trial_type = animal_different_aglow:
##
## Est. S.E. t val. p
## ------- ------ -------- ------
## -0.00 0.03 -0.00 1.00
Individual response patterns:
Descriptive—“same animal” trial and “different animal” trial scored
as agree or disagree and classified into four distinct response
patterns: agree with Feppy on both trials, disagree with Feppy on both
trials, agree on same trial and disagree on different trial (predicted
response), disagree on same trial and agree on different trial. Counts
and corresponding percentages of participants falling into each of the 4
groups reported.
Response patterns counts
5 |
183 |
13 |
Response patterns percentages
2.488 |
91.04 |
6.468 |
Gender/Sex
Trials in previous work
Same Assigned Sex, same gender identity (two cis kids of same gender)
& different assigned sex, different gender identity (two cis kids of
different gender) together
Regression
DV = Responses to “same assigned sex, same gender identity” and
“different assigned sex, different gender identity” trials scored with
agreement with Feppy as lower Fixed effects = participant group, trial
type, age (continuous), participant group x trial type, participant
group x age (continuous), trial type x age (continuous), participant
group x trial type x age (continuous) Random effects = participant
Condition order for analyses – monoracial cisgender is
reference group
71 |
63 |
68 |
Trial order for analyses – cisgender different is reference
group
404 |
202 |
Estimates for the full model
effect
|
group
|
term
|
estimate
|
std.error
|
statistic
|
df
|
p.value
|
fixed
|
NA
|
(Intercept)
|
2.3101
|
0.3161
|
7.3086
|
220.437
|
0.0000
|
fixed
|
NA
|
group_race_gender1
|
-0.1917
|
0.4010
|
-0.4782
|
220.047
|
0.6330
|
fixed
|
NA
|
group_race_gender2
|
0.1678
|
0.2152
|
0.7800
|
220.889
|
0.4363
|
fixed
|
NA
|
trial_type1
|
-1.1020
|
0.2004
|
-5.4991
|
402.684
|
0.0000
|
fixed
|
NA
|
age_yrs
|
-0.0023
|
0.0355
|
-0.0651
|
220.382
|
0.9482
|
fixed
|
NA
|
group_race_gender1:trial_type1
|
-0.6695
|
0.2540
|
-2.6356
|
402.355
|
0.0087
|
fixed
|
NA
|
group_race_gender2:trial_type1
|
-0.0837
|
0.1366
|
-0.6127
|
403.064
|
0.5404
|
fixed
|
NA
|
group_race_gender1:age_yrs
|
0.0076
|
0.0446
|
0.1698
|
220.047
|
0.8653
|
fixed
|
NA
|
group_race_gender2:age_yrs
|
-0.0148
|
0.0244
|
-0.6078
|
220.756
|
0.5439
|
fixed
|
NA
|
trial_type1:age_yrs
|
0.0416
|
0.0225
|
1.8503
|
402.638
|
0.0650
|
fixed
|
NA
|
group_race_gender1:trial_type1:age_yrs
|
0.0826
|
0.0283
|
2.9212
|
402.355
|
0.0037
|
fixed
|
NA
|
group_race_gender2:trial_type1:age_yrs
|
0.0110
|
0.0155
|
0.7082
|
402.953
|
0.4792
|
ran_pars
|
subjectid
|
sd__(Intercept)
|
0.6050
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
ran_pars
|
Residual
|
sd__Observation
|
0.8089
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
Confidence intervals for the full model
|
2.5 %
|
97.5 %
|
.sig01
|
0.5098
|
0.7070
|
.sigma
|
0.7561
|
0.8682
|
(Intercept)
|
1.6880
|
2.9324
|
group_race_gender1
|
-0.9811
|
0.5976
|
group_race_gender2
|
-0.2557
|
0.5916
|
trial_type1
|
-1.4956
|
-0.7082
|
age_yrs
|
-0.0721
|
0.0675
|
group_race_gender1:trial_type1
|
-1.1685
|
-0.1704
|
group_race_gender2:trial_type1
|
-0.3519
|
0.1847
|
group_race_gender1:age_yrs
|
-0.0803
|
0.0954
|
group_race_gender2:age_yrs
|
-0.0628
|
0.0332
|
trial_type1:age_yrs
|
-0.0026
|
0.0858
|
group_race_gender1:trial_type1:age_yrs
|
0.0270
|
0.1381
|
group_race_gender2:trial_type1:age_yrs
|
-0.0194
|
0.0413
|
Summary for the full model
nobs
|
sigma
|
logLik
|
AIC
|
BIC
|
deviance
|
df.residual
|
605
|
0.8089
|
-829.524
|
1687.05
|
1748.72
|
1659.05
|
591
|
Individual response patterns:
Descriptive—“ same assigned sex, same gender identity” trial and
“different assigned sex, different gender identity” trial scored as
agree or disagree and classified into four distinct response patterns:
agree with Feppy on both trials, disagree with Feppy on both trials,
agree on same trial and disagree on different trial (predicted
response), disagree on same trial and agree on different trial. Counts
and corresponding percentages of participants falling into each of the 4
groups reported.
Do children view transgender and cisgender people as qualitatively
distinct?
Regression
DV = composite (calculated by averaging across all four trials) with
“same assigned sex, different gender identity” scored with agreement
with Feppy as lower and “different assigned sex, same gender identity”
scored with agreement with Feppy scored as lower Fixed effects =
participant group, age (continuous), participant group x age
(continuous) interaction Random effects = participant
Condition order for analyses – monoracial cisgender is
reference group
71 |
63 |
68 |
Estimates for the full model
term
|
estimate
|
std.error
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
(Intercept)
|
3.1471
|
0.2621
|
12.0090
|
0.0000
|
group_race_gender1
|
-0.0510
|
0.0568
|
-0.8980
|
0.3703
|
group_race_gender2
|
0.0173
|
0.0327
|
0.5305
|
0.5963
|
age_yrs
|
-0.0423
|
0.0295
|
-1.4372
|
0.1522
|
Confidence intervals for the full model
|
2.5 %
|
97.5 %
|
(Intercept)
|
2.6303
|
3.6639
|
group_race_gender1
|
-0.1629
|
0.0610
|
group_race_gender2
|
-0.0471
|
0.0818
|
age_yrs
|
-0.1004
|
0.0158
|
Summary for the full model
r.squared
|
adj.r.squared
|
sigma
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
df
|
logLik
|
AIC
|
BIC
|
deviance
|
df.residual
|
nobs
|
0.0172
|
0.0022
|
0.6537
|
1.1493
|
0.3304
|
3
|
-197.73
|
405.461
|
421.978
|
84.1748
|
197
|
201
|
Individual response patterns
Descriptive—each of 2 “same assigned sex, different gender identity”
trials scored as agree (0) or disagree (1), and each of 2 “different
assigned sex, same gender identity” trials scored as agree (0) or
disagree (1), summed together for a score from 0 to 4. Counts and
corresponding percentages of participants falling into each of the 5
groups reported.
Response patterns counts
18 |
22 |
75 |
38 |
48 |
Response patterns percentages
8.955 |
10.95 |
37.31 |
18.91 |
23.88 |
Do children view sex as determinative or gender identity as
determinative?
Regression
DV = composite (calculated by averaging across all four trials) with
“same assigned sex, different gender identity” scored with agreement
with Feppy as higher and “different assigned sex, same gender identity”
scored with agreement with Feppy scored as lower Fixed effects =
participant group, age (continuous), participant group x age
(continuous) interaction Random effects = participant
Condition order for analyses – monoracial cisgender is
reference group
71 |
63 |
68 |
Estimates for the full model
term
|
estimate
|
std.error
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
(Intercept)
|
2.4570
|
0.2315
|
10.6136
|
0.0000
|
group_race_gender1
|
-0.0479
|
0.0501
|
-0.9552
|
0.3407
|
group_race_gender2
|
0.0493
|
0.0289
|
1.7084
|
0.0891
|
age_yrs
|
-0.0286
|
0.0260
|
-1.0977
|
0.2737
|
Confidence intervals for the full model
|
2.5 %
|
97.5 %
|
(Intercept)
|
2.0005
|
2.9136
|
group_race_gender1
|
-0.1468
|
0.0510
|
group_race_gender2
|
-0.0076
|
0.1063
|
age_yrs
|
-0.0799
|
0.0228
|
Summary for the full model
r.squared
|
adj.r.squared
|
sigma
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
df
|
logLik
|
AIC
|
BIC
|
deviance
|
df.residual
|
nobs
|
0.0265
|
0.0117
|
0.5774
|
1.7863
|
0.1511
|
3
|
-172.807
|
355.614
|
372.131
|
65.687
|
197
|
201
|
Individual response patterns
Descriptive—each of 2 “same assigned sex, different gender identity”
trials scored as agree (1) or disagree (0) and each of 2 “different
assigned sex, same gender identity” trials scored as agree (0) or
disagree (1) summed together for a score from 0 to 4. Counts and
corresponding percentages of participants falling into each of the 5
groups reported.
Response patterns counts
52 |
42 |
85 |
18 |
4 |
Response patterns percentages
25.87 |
20.9 |
42.29 |
8.955 |
1.99 |
Race
Trials in previous work
Same race & different race together
Regression
DV = Responses to “same race” and “different race” trials scored with
agreement with Feppy as lower
Fixed effects = participant group, trial type, age (continuous),
participant group x trial type, participant group x age (continuous),
trial type x age (continuous), participant group x trial type x age
(continuous) Random effects = participant
Condition order for analyses – monoracial cisgender is
reference group
71 |
63 |
68 |
Trial order for analyses – monoracial different is reference
group
404 |
202 |
Estimates for the full model
effect
|
group
|
term
|
estimate
|
std.error
|
statistic
|
df
|
p.value
|
fixed
|
NA
|
(Intercept)
|
3.7771
|
0.3649
|
10.3506
|
201.259
|
0.0000
|
fixed
|
NA
|
group_race_gender1
|
0.0170
|
0.0796
|
0.2135
|
201.000
|
0.8312
|
fixed
|
NA
|
group_race_gender2
|
0.0736
|
0.0459
|
1.6048
|
201.000
|
0.1101
|
fixed
|
NA
|
trial_type1
|
-0.2463
|
0.0278
|
-8.8683
|
402.000
|
0.0000
|
fixed
|
NA
|
age_yrs
|
-0.1335
|
0.0410
|
-3.2528
|
201.000
|
0.0013
|
ran_pars
|
subjectid
|
sd__(Intercept)
|
0.8381
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
ran_pars
|
Residual
|
sd__Observation
|
0.6429
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
Confidence intervals for the full model
|
2.5 %
|
97.5 %
|
.sig01
|
0.7457
|
0.9442
|
.sigma
|
0.6009
|
0.6900
|
(Intercept)
|
3.0584
|
4.4957
|
group_race_gender1
|
-0.1397
|
0.1737
|
group_race_gender2
|
-0.0167
|
0.1639
|
trial_type1
|
-0.3008
|
-0.1917
|
age_yrs
|
-0.2143
|
-0.0527
|
Summary for the full model
nobs
|
sigma
|
logLik
|
AIC
|
BIC
|
deviance
|
df.residual
|
603
|
0.6429
|
-770.951
|
1555.9
|
1586.71
|
1541.9
|
596
|
Individual response patterns:
Descriptive—“ same race” trial and “different race” trial scored as
agree or disagree and classified into four distinct response patterns:
agree with Feppy on both trials, disagree with Feppy on both trials,
agree on same trial and disagree on different trial (predicted
response), disagree on same trial and agree on different trial. Counts
and corresponding percentages of participants falling into each of the 4
groups reported.
Do children view multiracial and monoracial people as qualitatively
distinct?
Regression
DV = composite (calculated by averaging across all four trials) with
“Multi + Black” scored with agreement with Feppy as lower and “Multi +
White” scored with agreement with Feppy scored as lower Fixed effects =
participant group, age (continuous), participant group x age
(continuous) interaction Random effects = participant
Condition order for analyses – monoracial cisgender is
reference group
71 |
63 |
68 |
Estimates for the full model
term
|
estimate
|
std.error
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
(Intercept)
|
4.0782
|
0.3661
|
11.1407
|
0.0000
|
group_race_gender1
|
0.0328
|
0.0798
|
0.4106
|
0.6818
|
group_race_gender2
|
0.0448
|
0.0462
|
0.9694
|
0.3335
|
age_yrs
|
-0.1575
|
0.0412
|
-3.8268
|
0.0002
|
Confidence intervals for the full model
|
2.5 %
|
97.5 %
|
(Intercept)
|
3.3563
|
4.8001
|
group_race_gender1
|
-0.1246
|
0.1901
|
group_race_gender2
|
-0.0463
|
0.1360
|
age_yrs
|
-0.2387
|
-0.0764
|
Summary for the full model
r.squared
|
adj.r.squared
|
sigma
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
df
|
logLik
|
AIC
|
BIC
|
deviance
|
df.residual
|
nobs
|
0.0764
|
0.0623
|
0.9191
|
5.4051
|
0.0014
|
3
|
-264.906
|
539.812
|
556.304
|
165.588
|
196
|
200
|
Individual response patterns
Descriptive—each of 2 “Multi + Black” trials scored as agree (0) or
disagree (1) and each of 2 “Multi + White” trials scored as agree (0) or
disagree (1) summed together for a score from 0 to 4. Counts and
corresponding percentages of participants falling into each of the 5
groups reported.
Response patterns counts
51 |
21 |
22 |
29 |
77 |
Response patterns percentages
25.5 |
10.5 |
11 |
14.5 |
38.5 |
Do children engage in hypodescent or hyperdescent?
Hypodescent scored as higher, thus hyperdescent scored as lower
Regression
DV = composite (calculated by averaging across all four trials) with
“Multi + Black” scored with agreement with Feppy as higher and “Multi +
White” scored with agreement with Feppy scored as lower Fixed effects =
participant group, age (continuous), participant group x age
(continuous) interaction Random effects = participant
Condition order for analyses – monoracial cisgender is
reference group
71 |
63 |
68 |
Estimates for the full model
term
|
estimate
|
std.error
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
(Intercept)
|
2.5083
|
0.1121
|
22.3711
|
0.0000
|
group_race_gender1
|
0.0648
|
0.1421
|
0.4562
|
0.6488
|
group_race_gender2
|
-0.1814
|
0.0764
|
-2.3742
|
0.0186
|
age_yrs
|
-0.0017
|
0.0126
|
-0.1339
|
0.8936
|
group_race_gender1:age_yrs
|
-0.0120
|
0.0158
|
-0.7599
|
0.4482
|
group_race_gender2:age_yrs
|
0.0190
|
0.0086
|
2.2035
|
0.0287
|
Confidence intervals for the full model
|
2.5 %
|
97.5 %
|
(Intercept)
|
2.2872
|
2.7295
|
group_race_gender1
|
-0.2155
|
0.3452
|
group_race_gender2
|
-0.3321
|
-0.0307
|
age_yrs
|
-0.0265
|
0.0231
|
group_race_gender1:age_yrs
|
-0.0432
|
0.0192
|
group_race_gender2:age_yrs
|
0.0020
|
0.0361
|
Summary for the full model
r.squared
|
adj.r.squared
|
sigma
|
statistic
|
p.value
|
df
|
logLik
|
AIC
|
BIC
|
deviance
|
df.residual
|
nobs
|
0.0489
|
0.0244
|
0.2772
|
1.996
|
0.0809
|
5
|
-24.1283
|
62.2566
|
85.3448
|
14.9054
|
194
|
200
|
## SIMPLE SLOPES ANALYSIS
##
## Slope of age_yrs when group_race_gender = Multiracial Cisgender:
##
## Est. S.E. t val. p
## ------ ------ -------- ------
## 0.04 0.02 1.77 0.08
##
## Slope of age_yrs when group_race_gender = Monoracial Transgender:
##
## Est. S.E. t val. p
## ------- ------ -------- ------
## -0.03 0.02 -1.35 0.18
##
## Slope of age_yrs when group_race_gender = Monoracial Cisgender:
##
## Est. S.E. t val. p
## ------- ------ -------- ------
## -0.01 0.02 -0.43 0.67
Individual response patterns
Descriptive—each of 2 “Multi + Black” trials scored as agree (1) or
disagree (0) and each of 2 “Multi + White” trials scored as agree (0) or
disagree (1) summed together for a score from 0 to 4. Counts and
corresponding percentages of participants falling into each of the 5
groups reported.
Response patterns counts
6 |
30 |
142 |
20 |
2 |
Response patterns percentages
3 |
15 |
71 |
10 |
1 |